Audio interfaces
If you want to upgrade the sound quality of your IoTSound devices, or if your board has no onboard soundcard, you’ll probably want to add an external soundcard. Generally these come in two flavors: USB soundcards or DAC boards. Both alternatives are widely supported in balenaSound.
Check out the customization section to learn how to select which audio interface to use. For a detailed and up to date list of what interfaces are supported on each device check out the audio block documentation section.
As a general rule of thumb, onboard and USB soundcards should work out of the box without any configuration, and DACs usually require setting a dtoverlay. Read on to learn more about the alternatives.
Onboard
While most boards have built-in soundcards it’s well known that the quality you can get from them is not the greatest. For the Raspberry Pi family for example, the Pi Foundation does an excellent job at keeping the cost of their boards down, but that comes with some compromises with audio being one of them. The audio circuitry does an OK job, but it’s nothing stellar. Onboard audiocards don’t require any configuration.
USB Soundcards
USB soundcards are also supported without any special configuration needed. Just make sure you power cycle your device after plugging in the soundcard and you should be good to go.
DAC boards
Overview
IoTSound supports a wide variety of DACs, but in an ever-growing market, chances are your particular DAC might not work with the project just yet. Broadly speaking, it’s a two step process in order for a DAC to be officially supported:
- the required kernel driver must be available in balenaOS
- adequate testing must be performed with IoTSound
Latest versions of balenaOS already ships with drivers for most, if not all, of the DACs available. The testing story, however, is different. It’s not possible for us to test all of them individually as it would take an incredible amount of resources. For this reason, we rely on community contributions to help catalogue existing DACs into three categories:
- Supported DACs: battle-tested, known to work with IoTSound.
- Untested DACs: DACs whose drivers are included in balenaOS but haven’t been tested with IoTSound.
- Unsupported DACs: DACs that probably need additional drivers that aren’t currently available in balenaOS.
A curated list for all three categories can be found in the sections below. If you don’t find your DAC anywhere, please add a comment to this GitHub issue.
Configuration
To get a DAC board to work with IoTSound you will need to enable its corresponding Device Tree Overlay. Thankfully balenaCloud makes this very easy to do.
In the balenaCloud dashboard:
- Click on the specific device within your fleet and select
Configurationin the left-side menu. - Add an additional custom configuration variable called
BALENA_HOST_CONFIG_dtoverlay. The value of this will depend on your DAC board (see tables below in each DAC category subsection). - Cycle the power by unplugging your device.
If you’re using multiple devices with multiple DACs for multi-room audio, you’ll want to do this process per unique device that is using a DAC. Do not set this variable fleet-wide as it will affect every device within your fleet.
Supported DACs
These are the DACs that are known to work with IoTSound.
| DAC Name | BALENA_HOST_CONFIG_dtoverlay |
|---|---|
| Suptronics X400 | iqaudio-dacplus |
| Pimoroni Pirate Audio | hifiberry-dac |
| Pimoroni pHAT DAC | hifiberry-dac |
| Justboom DAC HAT/Zero | justboom-dac |
| Justboom Amp HAT/Zero | justboom-dac |
| Justboom Digi HAT/Zero | justboom-digi |
| Pisound | pisound |
| InnoMaker HiFi DAC HAT | allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio |
| InnoMaker HiFi Amp HAT | hifiberry-amp |
| Boss DAC v1.2 | allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio |
| miniBoss DAC | allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio |
| PiFi Digi+ | hifiberry-digi |
| IQaudIO Pi-DAC+ | iqaudio-dacplus |
| IQaudIO Pi-DAC Pro | iqaudio-dacplus |
| IQaudIO Pi-DACZero | iqaudio-dacplus |
| IQaudIO Pi-Digi+ | iqaudio-digi-wm8804-audio |
| IQaudIO Pi-DigiAMP+ | iqaudio-dacplus,unmute_amp |
| Hifiberry Amp2 | hifiberry-dacplus |
| Hifiberry DAC+ | hifiberry-dacplus |
| Hifiberry DAC+ Light | hifiberry-dac |
| Hifiberry DAC+ Standard | hifiberry-dacplus |
| Hifiberry DAC+ Pro | hifiberry-dacplus |
| Hifiberry DAC Zero | hifiberry-dac |
| Hifiberry Amp+ | hifiberry-amp |
| Hifiberry Digi | hifiberry-digi |
| Hifiberry Digi+ | hifiberry-digi |
| Hifiberry Beocreate | hifiberry-dac |
| Hifiberry DAC+ DSP | hifiberry-dac |
| Hifiberry MiniAmp | hifiberry-dac |
| Hifiberry DAC2 HD | hifiberry-dacplushd |
| Adafruit I2S Audio Bonnet | “hifiberry-dac”,”i2s-mmap” |
| Adafruit MAX98357 I2S Class-D Mono Amp | “hifiberry-dac”,”i2s-mmap” |
| RasPiAudio Audio+ DAC | hifiberry-dac |
| AUDIOPHONICS I-Sabre DAC ES9023 | hifiberry-dac |
Untested DACs
An up to date list of untested DACs can be found in this GitHub issue.
Note: Please do not create new GitHub issues for untested DACs unless you’ve been instructed to do so by our maintainers.
Unsupported DACs
An up to date list of unsupported DACs can be found in this GitHub issue. Unsupported DACs can be made to work with IoTSound but often will require further investigation and patching balenaOS, so they are best avoided. Please do create a new GitHub issue if you are working on adding support or testing an unsupported DAC as that will facilitate discussion with IoTSound developers.